Tuning Systems

• Tuning and Temperament Bibliography   - Extensive list of print books, magazines, and journal articles on tuning systems.

  Alternate Temperaments: Theory and Philosophy - Introduction to tuning systems, based on the Western cents system. Written by Terry Blackburn..

  The Argument for Equal Temperament - Fred Lerdahl's paper regarding the use of equal temperament over just tuning..

  Comparison of Temperaments - Table comparing various Western and Non-Western temperaments..

  The Development of Musical Tuning Systems - The historical development of musical tuning systems from ancient Greek origins to the development of equal temperament..

  Dictionary of Microtonal Music Theory - Dictionary of common terms used in just tuning and equal temperament style tunings..

  Equal Temperament Tuning - An introduction to equal temperament for guitarists who have problems tuning their guitars..

  Historical Tuning - Includes information on the differences between equal temperament and well temperament and why Bach rejected equal temperament and celebrated well temperament..

  Historical Tunings on the Modern Concert Grand - Tradational tunings of the grand piano and Beethoven's specific tunings..

  An Introduction to Historical Tunings - Discusses the development of tuning systems in Medieval Europe..

  Justonic Tuning Inc. - Pitch Palette software tunes a microtunable synthesizer to just intonation, world scales, historic scales and user scales in real time..

  Keyboard temperament analyzer/calculator - Excel spreadsheet that analyzes keyboard temperaments: gives beat rates for tuning, and harmonic-tension charts in all keys..

  Larpis.com - Previously unknown temperament found on the autograph title page of the "Well-Tempered Clavier"; published 2005. Includes explanations and links to scholarly articles..

  Musical Tunings and Temperaments - Color-coded descriptions of tunings and temperaments from the 9th Century through the 16th Century..

  Pitch and Scale of the Great Highland Bagpipe - Describes proper tunings and scale construction for the Great Highland Bagpipe..

  Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony - Article by Margo Schulter written in 1998..

  Tantrum - Tool for the study of temperament anomalies..

  A Tour Up The Harmonic Series - Basic introduction to the Pythagorean circle of fifths and the physical basis for the need for alternative tuning systems..

  Tuning by Ratios - This paper explores the use of simple ratios to tune musical intervals and chords. Included are a tutorial, a set of computer programs, and a re-tuned two-part invention by J.S. Bach..

  Understanding Temperaments - Tunings used for harpsichords..

  World Scale Depository - Construction of a reference center of scale measurements throughout the world..

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